Puntos de los ataques del karate shotokan: una revisión sistemática
Palabras clave:
karate; combat sport; performance analysis; attack; fightResumen
El objetivo de la revisión sistemática fue detectar la diferencia entre los golpes que puntúan y las acciones de la lucha del karate olímpico versus la JKA y tradicional. La recopilación de artículos científicos se realizó en Google Scholar, Research Gate, Scielo, Dialnet, Redalyc, Medline, Ebsco, Doaj y PubMed. La revisión sistemática contó con 16 estudios. El ataque fue la acción ofensiva más utilizada por JKA y tradicional masculino (con 66 %) y femenino (con 63 %) y por el kárate olímpico (con 38,77 a 80,6 %). El puñetazo fue la acción ofensiva más practicada en karate JKA y tradicional masculino (80 %) y femenino (90 %) y en el karate olímpico masculino (55 a 88,08 %) y femenino (95 %). El puñetazo que consiguió la mayor cantidad de puntos fue el gyaku zuki y la patada que consiguió la mayor cantidad de puntos fue diferente entre género y federación. La patada con más puntos fue el mawashi geri y mae geri en la JKA y tradicional masculino, el mae geri en la JKA y tradicional femenino, el mawashi geri en el karate olímpico masculino y el ura mawashi geri en el karate olímpico femenino. La zona central de combate fue donde hubo más puntos en la lucha de la JKA y tradicional (64 % para hombres y 64 % para mujeres) y del karate olímpico (hombres con 76,67 %). En conclusión, el estudio de los golpes que provocan puntos en el deporte del karate shotokan es un trabajo interesante para que el entrenador elabore la estrategia y táctica de su deportista durante la competición.
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